commands the , the backbone of the Commonwealth troops who have fallen back from Malaya to the island of . A prickly officer, openly at odds with his British superiors, he has come to believe he understands Japanese tactics better than anyone in the high command.
For weeks, the Japanese army has been breaking through the defences. Deprived of water, ammunition and ground, the garrison is cornered within the city itself. On this 15 February 1942, the British command opens surrender negotiations: tens of thousands of Commonwealth men, including about 15,000 Australians, are about to pass into enemy hands. Bennett knows what Japanese captivity promises.
In the final hours before capitulation, Bennett weighs three paths. To stay with his men and share their captivity, as custom demands of a commander; to hand over command quietly to a subordinate and attempt to escape with a few officers in order to bring the tactical lessons learned against the Japanese back to the authorities; or to flee the island more openly, at the risk of being seen as nothing but a commander deserting his troops at the moment of disaster.
Singapore, 15 February 1942, Henry Gordon Bennett, commander of the 8th Australian Division: at the hour of surrender, what should he do with his freedom?
As the surrender took effect, handed command of the 8th Division to Brigadier C. A. Callaghan and left the island by sampan with a few officers. He reached Sumatra, then Java, and arrived in Australia in early March 1942, convinced that his experience against the Japanese would prove valuable there. Meanwhile, about 15,000 Australians entered a captivity in which many would die. Far from being celebrated, his act caused a scandal: a military court of inquiry, then a Royal Commission in 1945, found that he had not been justified in relinquishing his command. Bennett never again received an operational command. The debate over his conduct — desertion or a duty to pass on vital military knowledge — still divides Australian historians.
Learn more about this event
T10-076